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Although various conjectures have been proposed to explain the abnormal increase in thermal conductivity of nanofluids, the detailed mechanism has not been fully understood and explained. The main reason is due to the lack of knowledge of the most fundamental factor governing the mechanisms such as Brownian motion, liquid layering, phonon transport, surface chemical effects, and agglomeration With an increase in the thermal conductivity of the base fluid, the thermal conductivity enhancement of a nanofluid decreases. At low volume fractions (<0.4 Vol%), nanofluids have lower viscosity than the corresponding base fluid due to lubricative effect of nanoparticles. The transport properties of nanofluid: dynamic thermal conductivity and viscosity are not only dependent on volume fraction of nanoparticle, also highly dependent on other parameters such as particle shape, size, mixture combinations and slip mechanisms, surfactant, etc.

And hence better transport of heat. Yu, L, & Liu, D. "Single-Phase Thermal Transport of Nanofluids in a Minichannel." Proceedings of the ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Volume 9: Heat Transfer, Fluid Flows, and Thermal Systems, Parts A, B and C. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA. November 13–19, 2009. pp.

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nanofluid (31) (1). A numerical study on convection around a square cylinder using Al2O3-H2O nanofluid transfer coefficient. 2. heat transfer enhancement.

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In this article, a brief 2) Nanofluids with enhanced thermal transport Properties”, 7th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, 27 June‐ 1 July, 2011, Istanbul, Turkey Nader Nikkam, Ph.D. Thesis, Functional Materials Division, KTH, 2014 Nanofluids for thermal transport. Materials Today, 2005. Jeffrey Eastman This paper presents a brief review on the viscous and thermal transport effects of nanofluids. The main emphasis is on the comparison of previous theoretical and experimental studies for thermophysical properties of nanofluids.

Obvious thermal conductivity increases have been observed in these nanofluid systems, e.g., 52% Nanofluids are colloidal mixtures of nanometric metallic or ceramic particles in a base fluid, such as water, ethylene glycol or oil. Nanofluids possess immense potential to enhance the heat transfer character of the original fluid due to improved thermal transport properties. In this article, a brief 2) Nanofluids with enhanced thermal transport Properties”, 7th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, 27 June‐ 1 July, 2011, Istanbul, Turkey Nader Nikkam, Ph.D. Thesis, Functional Materials Division, KTH, 2014 Nanofluids for thermal transport. Materials Today, 2005. Jeffrey Eastman This paper presents a brief review on the viscous and thermal transport effects of nanofluids. The main emphasis is on the comparison of previous theoretical and experimental studies for thermophysical properties of nanofluids.
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Nanofluids possess immense potential to enhance the heat transfer character of the original fluid due to improved thermal transport properties. In this article, a brief 2) Nanofluids with enhanced thermal transport Properties”, 7th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, 27 June‐ 1 July, 2011, Istanbul, Turkey Nader Nikkam, Ph.D.

Several characteristic behaviors of nanofluids have been identified, … 2013-04-01 The study reveals that the nanoparticle dispersion in fluid medium and nanoparticle heat transport phenomenon are equally important in enhancement of thermal conductivity.
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Qianqian Li, Jin Wang, Also heat and mass transfer problems in the wood drying process are Single Phase Convective Heat Transfer with Nanofluids : An Experimental Approach. Accurate basis of comparison for convective heat transfer in nanofluids.

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However, there is lot of variance in the data and needs critical analysis.